MINERALS AND TRACE ELEMENTS

Minerals consist of a group of substances that are hugely important for the chemical composition of the body and functioning of various organs. Minerals are usually divided into macro minerals and micro minerals. The latter of the two is often referred to as trace elements. In the group of macro minerals are included calcium, phosphorous, magnesium and sodium, potassium and sulphur. In the group of trace elements are included iron, copper, iodine, cobalt, manganese, selenium, zinc and molybdenum.

As evident from the above, this is a large group of substances. The absorption of minerals is to some extent regulated by the horse itself, a regulating mechanism that is controlled by hormones. There is also interaction between the different minerals. A surplus or deficit of a substance may, for example, affect the ability to absorb another substance. The fact that the horse to some extent self-regulate its absorption of minerals does not, however, mean that the horse owner no longer needs to think about the mineral balance of the feed given. There is still a risk of mineral deficiency despite the horse self-regulating its intake of minerals. Too much of one specific mineral may result in mineral metabolism disorder. Hence, it is important to get the balance right.

The ratio of calcium to phosphorous is often discussed in the context of equine feeds. A delicate balance exist between the two. The problem is that the ability to absorb phosphorous can vary greatly from horse to horse and also, from one time to another. The bacterial flora in the large intestine is crucial for the absorption of phosphorous. In fact, the absorption of phosphorous is largely dependent on the bacterial flora. In order for the balanced ratio of calcium to phosphorous as administered in the diet to be correctly absorbed, the large intestine must function properly.